tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-83688050727464966632024-02-08T22:11:57.331+06:00Civil EngineeringThis site is totally dedicated for sharing knowledge among Civil Engineers around the world.Unknownnoreply@blogger.comBlogger46125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8368805072746496663.post-55407620379928596392023-12-24T01:00:00.007+06:002023-12-24T01:00:52.606+06:00What Is Washing Soda? Uses and Other FeaturesWelcome, curious minds, to the world of washing soda – a household hero with remarkable benefits. If you've ever wondered about the magic behind this unassuming white powder, you're in for a treat. In this blog post, we'll explore the wonders of washing soda, unravel its uses, and unveil its incredible features. From laundry to cleaning, this versatile compound has a plethora of applications thatUnknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8368805072746496663.post-72021567135486870192023-05-04T14:31:00.003+06:002023-08-28T01:46:49.729+06:00How Many Acres (ac) is 10000 Square Feet (sq ft)?Square feet (sq ft) and acres are units of area and are commonly used in land measurement. It is often required to convert square feet to acres (sq ft to acre). First, we have to know the conversion rate from 1 square feet to acres. 1 square feet is equal to .0000229568 in acre. That means if we multiply the sq ft value by .0000229568, the value of the equivalent acres. Here in this Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8368805072746496663.post-6859828412409005442022-10-16T00:10:00.001+06:002022-10-16T00:10:08.950+06:00The Advantages and Disadvantages of PlywoodPlywood is an engineered wood product that is made by cross-laminating veneers of wood. This type of wood is extremely versatile and has many applications in both construction and furniture-making. Although plywood is a very strong and durable material, it does have some disadvantages that you should be aware of before using it for your next project.One of the biggest advantages of plywood is Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8368805072746496663.post-59191807160019644942022-10-15T22:41:00.001+06:002022-10-15T22:41:29.444+06:00How to Choose the Right Stair Parts for Your Home There are a variety of stair parts that you can use to create a staircase that fits your needs. The most basic stair parts are the treads and risers. Treads are the horizontal boards that you step on, and risers are the vertical boards that support the treads.You can also add newel posts, handrails, and balusters to your staircase. Newel posts are the posts that support the handrails. Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8368805072746496663.post-23414197749586884152022-10-05T21:08:00.003+06:002022-10-05T21:08:44.048+06:00Difference Between Magnitude and Intensity of Earthquake Magnitude is a measure of the size of an earthquake and is calculated based on the amplitude of the waves recorded by seismographs. Intensity is a measure of the strength of an earthquake and is calculated based on the damage caused by the earthquake.The magnitude of an earthquake is a number that is used to describe the size of the earthquake. The magnitude is calculated based on the Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8368805072746496663.post-63964528840474821342022-10-05T21:06:00.003+06:002022-10-05T21:06:26.823+06:00Earned Value Analysis : Process, Importance, UseWhat is Earned Value Analysis?Earned Value Analysis (EVA) is a project management technique that provides a systematic way to track project progress. By analyzing the value of work completed, EVA can help project managers identify potential problems early and prevent them from becoming major issues. EVA is based on three key elementsThe project’s budgetThe project’s scheduleThe project’s Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8368805072746496663.post-487744229011714392022-10-05T20:59:00.009+06:002022-10-05T20:59:57.226+06:00How to Reduce Environmental Impact of Concrete? Full DetailsConcrete is one of the most widely used building materials in the world. While its durability and strength are undeniable, the environmental impact of concrete is a growing concern. The production of concrete releases large amounts of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases, which contribute to climate change. Fortunately, there are ways to reduce the environmental impact of Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8368805072746496663.post-2320952028493457672022-10-05T20:56:00.008+06:002022-10-05T20:56:58.104+06:00Compressibility and Consolidation of Soil : Definition and Meaning What is the Compressibility of Soil?Soil compressibility is a measure of the ability of soil to be compacted under pressure. The compressibility of soil is affected by the amount of water present in the soil, as well as the type of soil particles. The compressibility of soil is an important factor in the design of foundations, earth dams, and other structures. What is the ConsolidationUnknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8368805072746496663.post-48146692381850618892022-10-05T20:54:00.004+06:002022-10-05T20:54:17.401+06:00Disadvantages of solar chimney The followings are the Disadvantages of solar chimneys.The solar chimney only works when there is sunlight. If it is cloudy or raining, the solar chimney will not work.Solar chimneys are not very efficient. Only about 10% of the sun's energy is converted into energy that can be used to power a fan or turbine.Solar chimneys are expensive to build. They require a large amount of land and a Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8368805072746496663.post-21584656368319189572022-10-05T20:50:00.004+06:002022-10-05T20:50:35.392+06:00What is Solar Chimney? How does it Work?A solar chimney, also known as a solar updraft tower, is a type of power plant that uses the principles of convection to generate electricity. The solar chimney consists of a tall chimney-like structure that is exposed to the sun. The chimney heats the air inside it, causing the air to rise. As the hot air rises, it creates a draft that pulls cooler air into the chimney. This airflow is used to Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8368805072746496663.post-49074719434711478422022-10-05T20:42:00.004+06:002022-10-05T20:44:33.558+06:00Dampness in Building: Sources, Defects, Preventing MethodsDampness is one of the most common problems in buildings and can cause a wide range of serious problems. It is therefore important to be aware of the potential causes of dampness and the methods of preventing it. Defects Caused by Dampness in BuildingDampness can cause a wide range of problems in buildings, including:Structural damage: Dampness can cause damage to the structure of a buildingUnknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8368805072746496663.post-6863384238068692372019-07-12T13:59:00.002+06:002019-07-12T13:59:19.516+06:00Types of FoundationFoundation is an important part of building structures. Followings are the types of foundation:
Shallow Foundations
Spread Footing
Strip Foundation
Combined Footing
Strap Footing
Raft or Mat Foundation
Deep Foundations
Pile Foundation
Pier Foundation
Caisson Foundation
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8368805072746496663.post-56589156111568531452019-07-12T01:44:00.000+06:002019-07-12T01:44:44.832+06:00Bulking of SandBulking of sand means an increase in volume. Fine aggregate (i.e., sand) increases in volume when they possess some moisture.
This volume increase is not due to the increase in the volume of the individual sand particle in the presence of moisture. It is due to the formation of a thin film of water around the aggregate or sand particles. The thickness of this film goes on increasing with more Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8368805072746496663.post-48559842953269675522018-07-01T16:14:00.000+06:002018-07-01T16:14:27.127+06:00Types of Bricks for Construction WorkBricks are a clay made rectangular unit used for different building construction works. There are different types of bricks used in construction. They are:
Based on Quality
First Class Brick
Second Class Brick
Third Class Brick
Based on Building Process
Unburnt Bricks
Burnt Bricks
Over Burnt or Jhama Brick
Based on Manufacturing Method
Extruded Brick
Molded Brick
Dry pressed Brick
Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8368805072746496663.post-8644242654382835672015-04-26T16:05:00.002+06:002015-10-03T02:07:05.819+06:00Advantages and Disadvantages of White cementThe strength of white cement is lower than that of ordinary Portland cement. It is not liable to cause staining because it has low content of soluble alkalis. It is four times costlier than ordinary Portland cement.
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Properties of Good Unknownnoreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8368805072746496663.post-62731187356560661022014-11-04T12:04:00.002+06:002015-10-03T02:08:18.596+06:00Advantages and Disadvantages of Reinforced Concrete
Reinforced concrete, as a construction material, is widely used in many types of structures. For economic execution of structure, Reinforced concrete is the best choice for designers.
The advantages of reinforced concreteIt has a relatively high compressive strength;
It has better resistance to fire than steel;
It has a long service life with low maintenance cost;
In some types of Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8368805072746496663.post-24353823261751068022013-12-12T01:23:00.001+06:002015-10-03T02:09:30.941+06:00Poisson's Ratio for Materials
Definition:
Poisson's Ratio is the ratio of the transverse to the longitudinal strains under axial stress within the elastic range. It is a negative ratio.
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In the expression "" is the resulting Poisson's ratio, "" is transverse strain, "" is axial strain.
Poisson's Ratio is named after french physicist Siméon Poisson (1781-1840). When a material is compressed in Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8368805072746496663.post-78673328591717691772013-05-20T22:38:00.002+06:002015-10-03T02:10:38.892+06:00Compression Flange of Beam or Girder
Definition
The widened portion of a beam or girder, such as the horizontal portion of the cross section of a simple-span T-beam, which is shortened by bending under a normal load is known as Compression Flange.
In a continuous floor beam under gravity loading, the laterally un-braced bottom flange is subjected to compressive stresses (Compression Flange) near the interior support(s). To prevent Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8368805072746496663.post-9531163911819033402013-05-20T22:25:00.000+06:002015-10-03T02:11:28.198+06:00Slender Beam
The Slender beam can be defined as the beams in which the spacing of the lateral support to the compression flange or face is more than 50 times the least width of the flange or face.
Since lateral support equal to a minimum of 2 percent of the total (internal) compression in the compression flange is usually considered adequate, and may often be satisfied by simple friction of separate floor Unknownnoreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8368805072746496663.post-76643525557208062812013-04-20T14:55:00.002+06:002015-10-03T02:12:41.416+06:00Basic Steps of Building a Foundation
Survey and StakeBefore any construction can begin, the home site is surveyed to establish the home's basic footprint and to ensure the home is set back the appropriate distances from the property lines. The corners of the home are marked by surveyor's stakes. Offset stakes, which are about two feet out from the surveyor's stakes, also are placed. The excavator will dig at the offset stakes, Unknownnoreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8368805072746496663.post-79193285966380469382013-03-24T14:01:00.000+06:002019-07-12T01:35:38.007+06:00Chain SurveyChain survey/surveying is an very old method of Surveying. This article includes definition of chain survey along with all detailed information with necessary images about various aspects of chain surveying.
Chain survey is the simplest method of surveying. In chain survey only measurements are taken in the field, and the rest work, such as plotting calculation etc. are done in the Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8368805072746496663.post-45874292107635919982013-03-12T02:21:00.003+06:002015-10-03T02:04:02.190+06:00Prestressed Concrete
Prestressed concrete, the improved condition of RCC (Reinforced cement concrete) where steel is used as both compression and tension member.
Prestressed concrete is used in structure where higher load is to be sustained such as bridge, arch structure etc. Addition bars are used in tension face of Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8368805072746496663.post-47975294847795514112013-03-12T01:42:00.002+06:002015-10-03T02:13:39.285+06:00Reinforced Concrete What is Reinforced Concrete
Concrete is the combination of aggregate and cement where cement is used as the binding material between the aggregates. This combination has got high compressive strength along with very low tensile strength. But structure members also need to sustain in tensile stresses. For an example, a beam in a building undergo both tension and compression. Unknownnoreply@blogger.com2tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8368805072746496663.post-9882635273010037242013-03-11T13:50:00.002+06:002013-03-11T14:03:06.427+06:00Limitations of Pushover Analysis
Although pushover analysis has advantages over elastic analysis procedures, underlying assumptions, the accuracy of pushover predictions and limitations of current pushover procedures must be identified. The estimate of target displacement, selection of lateral load patterns and identification of failure mechanisms due to higher modes of vibration are important issues that affect the accuracy ofUnknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8368805072746496663.post-86325477269868584442013-03-11T13:38:00.005+06:002015-10-03T02:16:22.077+06:00Use of Pushover Analysis Results
Pushover analysis has been the preferred method for seismic performance evaluation of structures by the major rehabilitation guidelines and codes because it is 5 conceptually and computationally simple. Pushover analysis allows tracing the sequence of yielding and failure on member and structural level as well as the progress of overall capacity curve of the structure. The expectation from Unknownnoreply@blogger.com